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| The Missing Interrogatories 10 and 11 |
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Saturday, December 06 2003 @ 08:24 PM EST
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Frank Jaffe has the honor of being the one to remember where to find the missing Interrogatories 10 and 11. He did the transcript of IBM's Addendum [PDF], the revised one that has numbers 10 and 11. So here it is, in all its glory. Thank you Frank. The missing Interrogatories are:
INTERROGATORY NO. 10: Separately, for each of plaintiff’s claims for relief, please identify all persons (including but not limited to present or former employees of plaintiff or plaintiff’s predecessors in interest) with knowledge relating to plaintiff’s claims and contentions and the general nature of, or the categories of, facts known by each person.
INTERROGATORY No.11: Please identify all products ever marketed, sold or distributed by plaintiff or plaintiff’s predecessors in interest, including but not limited to the terms on which each was marketed, sold or distributed.
*****************************************
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Alan L. Sullivan (3152)
Todd M. Shaughnessy (6651)
Snell & Wilmer L.L.P.
[address, phone, fax]
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CRAVATH, SWAINE & MOORE LLP
Evan R. Chesler (admitted pro hac vice)
Thomas O. Rafferty (admitted pro hac vice)
David R. Marriott (7572)
[address, phone]
Attorneys for
Defendant/Counterclaim-Plaintiff
International
Business Machines Corporation
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THE SCO GROUP,
Plaintiff/Counterclaim-Defendant
vs.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
MACHINES CORPORATION,
Defendant/Counterclaim-Plaintiff.
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ADDENDUM TO
DEFENDANT/COUNTERCLAIM
PLAINTIFF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
MACHINES
CORPORATION’S MEMORANDUM IN
SUPPORT OF MOTION TO
COMPEL DISCOVERY
(ORAL ARGUMENT REQUESTED)
Civil
No. 2:03cv0294
Honorable
Dale A. Kimball
Magistrate
Judge Brooke Wells
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SCO v. IBM; IBM v. SCO
Summary
of
Deficiencies in SCO’s Interrogatory Responses
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NO
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Interrogatory
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Response
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Deficiencies
and Cure
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1.
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Please
identify, with specificity (by product, file and line of code, where
appropriate) all of the alleged trade secrets and any confidential or
proprietary information that plaintiff alleges or contends IBM
misappropriated or misused, including but not limited to as alleged in
¶ 105 of the Complaint.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing General Objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM. Subject to
and without waiving these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d),
SCO will make available for copying or inspection at a mutually
convenient date and time the responsive documents upon the entry of an
appropriate confidentiality agreement and order. The trade secrets
include without limitation UNIX software design methods for creation
and modification of software based on UNIX
System V. These UNIX methods include ways to modify IBM's version of
UNIX known as AIX and Sequent's version of UNIX known as Dynix/ptx. The
UNIX methods include those inherent in and learned through access to
the System V source code licensed to IBM and/or Sequent and those
developed by IBM and/or Sequent in creating derivative works and
modification based on UNIX System V pursuant to licensing agreement
with SCO's predecessors and SCO and those that IBM and/or Sequent
agreed to maintain in confidence for SCO's predecessors and SCO.
Without limitation, the methods include technical UNIX categories, such
as multi-processor locking and unlocking methods, methods for avoiding
locking requirements, methods for implementing filing systems,
de-bugging methods, methods for implementing and improving processor
scalability, methods for implementing and improving processor
reliability, methods for implementing and improving processor
accessibility, methods for implementing and improving scheduling
systems, methods for implementing and improving memory management,
methods for implementing and improving threading and multi-threading,
and methods for implementing and improving general system functionality
based on UNIX technology.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d), and its
general, narrative response is essentially meaningless.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) the alleged trade
secrets and any confidential or proprietary information that SCO
alleges or contends IBM misappropriated or misused cannot be derived or
ascertained (by product, file and line of code) from the documents SCO
has produced; (2) the burden of deriving or ascertaining the answer to
this interrogatory from the documents SCO has produced is not
substantially the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided
a specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and
identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the answer may be
ascertained.
SCO's
narrative response is essentially meaningless because (1) it is
expressly non-exclusive; (2) it omits any reference to most of the
very kinds of alleged trade secrets and confidential or proprietary
information that SCO has publicly identified (albeit in vague and
general terms) as having been misappropriated
or misused by IBM (e.g., “literal copying”; “derivative works”,
“obfuscation”, and “non literal transfers” of “structures” and
“sequence”); (3) the “methods” to which SCO refers are described in
terms that are so vague as to be essentially meaningless (e.g.,
SCO fails entirely to identify the files and lines of code that
correspond to the “methods” to which SCO refers); and (4) SCO’s
reference to terms such as “RCU”, “NUMA” and “SMP” are no more
meaningful than SCO's list of “technical UNIX categories”, as SCO fails
to identify a single file or line of code and cannot in good faith
claim all RCU, NUMA and SMP code.
SCO should be
required immediately to identify -- by product, file and line of code
-- all of the alleged trade secrets and any confidential or proprietary
information that SCO alleges or contends IBM misappropriated or
misused. There is no reason it cannot, and should not be required to,
do this.
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2.
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For each
alleged trade secret of any confidential or proprietary information
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1, please identify: (a) all
persons who have or have had rights to the alleged trade secret or
confidential or proprietary information; (b) the nature and source of
the rights; and (c) all efforts by any person
to maintain the secrecy or confidentiality of the alleged
trade secrets and any confidential or proprietary information.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing General Objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM. In
addition, SCO objects to this question as overly broad in that once SCO
or its predecessors licensed the Protected Material to companies, the
identity of persons within those companies who were bound by the
confidentiality provisions is not known to SCO nor are the individual
efforts of each of those companies and its personnel to maintain the
secrecy and confidentiality of the Protected Material as they were
obligated to do. Subject to and without waiving these objections,
pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make available for copying or
inspection at a mutually convenient date and time the responsive
documents upon the entry of an appropriate confidentiality agreement
and order, including but not limited to the license agreements between
SCO (and its predecessors) and third parties concerning the Protected
Material.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to IBM
demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August 8,
2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the
System V source code, the license agreements with all licensees, and
the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d) and does not even undertake a
narrative response.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) the identity of all
persons who have or have had rights to, the nature and source of, and
all efforts by any person to maintain the secrecy or confidentiality of
each line of code identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1 cannot
be derived or ascertained from the documents SCO has produced; (2) the
burden of deriving or ascertaining the answer to this interrogatory
from the documents SCO has produced is not substantially the same for
IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided a specification in
sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and identify, as readily as
SCO, the records from which the answer may be ascertained.
For each line of code identified in response
to Interrogatory No. 1, SCO should be required immediately to identify:
(a) all persons who have or have had rights to the code, including in
particular all officers and employees of SCO and its predecessors in
interest; (b) the nature and source of SCO's rights in the code, such
as whether they are contractual, common law or statutory (e.g.,
trade secret) and how SCO acquired such rights; and (c) all efforts by
any person to maintain the secrecy or confidentiality of the code (such
as by bringing suit to protect the confidentiality of the code).
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3.
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For each
alleged trade secret and any confidential or proprietary information
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1, please identify all
persons to whom the alleged trade secret or confidential or proprietary
information is known or has been disclosed and describe, in detail, the
circumstances under which it became known or was disclosed, including
but not limited to:
(a) the date
on which the alleged trade secret or confidential or proprietary
information was disclosed or became known to such persons; (b) the
specific terms on which the information was disclosed or became known,
such as pursuant to a confidentiality agreement; (c) all documents or
agreements relating to the disclosure; and (d) all places or locations
where the alleged trade secret or confidential or proprietary
information may be found or accessed.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “For
questions 3(a)-(c) in addition to the foregoing general objections, SCO
notes that discovery has just begun and it has not yet received
responsive discovery from IBM that would allow it to fully answer this
question because part of this information is peculiarly within the
knowledge of IBM. In addition, SCO objects to this question as overly
broad in that once SCO or its predecessors licensed the Protected
Material to companies, the identity of persons within those companies
who were bound by the confidentiality provisions is not known to SCO
nor are the individual efforts of each of those companies and its
personnel to maintain the secrecy and confidentiality of the Protected
Material as they were obligated to do. Subject to and without waiving
these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make
available for copying or inspection at a mutually convenient date and
time the responsive documents upon the entry of an appropriate
confidentiality agreement and order, including but not limited to the
license agreements between SCO (and its predecessors) and third parties
concerning the Protected Material. For interrogatory 3(d), SCO’s
investigation is continuing but, at this time, SCO’s Protected Material
has been found in Linux Kernel 2.4.x and 2.5.x., as well as on various
licensees' flavors of UNIX.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d) and does not even undertake a
narrative response.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) all persons to whom the
code identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1 is known or has been
disclosed and a detailed description of the circumstances under which
it became known or was disclosed cannot be derived or ascertained from
the documents SCO has produced; (2) the burden of deriving or
ascertaining the answer to this interrogatory from the documents SCO
has produced is not substantially the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3)
SCO has not provided a specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM
to locate and identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the
answer maybe ascertained.
SCO should be
required immediately to identify all persons to whom the code
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1 is known or has been
disclosed and describe, in detail, the circumstances under which it
became known or was disclosed, including but not limited to:
(a) the date
on which it was disclosed or became known; (b) the specific terms on
which it was disclosed or became known, such as pursuant to a
confidentiality agreement or under the GPL or another license; (c) all
documents or agreements relating to the disclosure such as
e-mails or internal memoranda discussing a disclosure; and (d) all
places or locations where the alleged trade secret or confidential or
proprietary information may be found or accessed such as a website or a
file and line of code in Linux.
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4.
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For each
alleged trade secret and any confidential or proprietary information
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1, please describe, in
detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges or contends that IBM
misappropriated or misused the alleged trade secret or confidential or
proprietary information, including but not limited to: (a) the date of
the alleged misuse or misappropriation; (b) all persons involved in any
way in the
alleged misuse or misappropriation; (c) the specific manner in which
IBM is alleged to have engaged in misuse or misappropriation; and (d)
with respect to any code or method plaintiff alleges or contends that
IBM misappropriated or misused, the location of each portion of such
code or method in any product, such as AIX, in Linux, in open source,
or in the public domain.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing General Objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM and/or Linus
Torvalds and/or the Open Source Development Laboratory (“OSDL”).
Subject to and without waiving these objections, pursuant to
Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make available for copying or inspection
at a mutually convenient date and time the responsive documents upon
the entry of an appropriate confidentiality agreement and order. In
addition, and subject to and without waiving any objections, IBM has
misappropriated, misused, transferred and otherwise directly and
indirectly communicated the trade secrets identified in Interrogatory
No. 1 above to Linus Torvalds, the OSDL, other Linux and open source
developers, Linux distributors and Linux end users.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d), and its general, narrative response
is essentially meaningless.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) IBM cannot derive or
ascertain from the documents SCO has produced (a) each instance in
which SCO alleges or contends that IBM misappropriated or misused the
code identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1;
(b) the date of the alleged misuse or misappropriation; (c) all persons
involved in any way in the alleged misuse or misappropriation; (d) the
specific manner in which IBM is alleged to have engaged in misuse or
misappropriation; or (e) the location of each portion of such code or
method in any product, in Linux, in open source, or in the public
domain; (2) the burden of deriving or ascertaining the answer to this
interrogatory from the documents SCO has produced is not substantially
the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided a
specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and
identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the answer may be
ascertained.
SCO’s
narrative response is essentially meaningless because it includes no
more particularity than the vague allegations of the complaint.
SCO should be
required immediately to
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges or
contends that IBM misappropriated or misused the code identified in
response to Interrogatory No. 1, including but not limited to: (a) the
date of the alleged misuse or misappropriation; (b) all persons
involved in any way in the alleged misuse or misappropriation,
including in particular all officers and employees of SCO and its
predecessors in interest; (c) the specific
manner in which IBM is alleged to have
engaged in misuse or misappropriation, such as by (i) line-for-line
copying of code from
System V to Linux kernels 2.4+, (ii) copying, posting, removing legal
notices or reorganizing the order of program structures;
(iii) contributing modifications of System V to Linux kernels 2.4+ in
violation of contracts; and (iv) making non-literal transfers of
methods, structures and sequences from System V to Linux kernels 2.4+;
and (d) the location of each portion of the identified code in any
product, in Linux, in open source, or in the public domain --
identified by file and line of code.
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5.
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For each
alleged trade secret and any confidential or proprietary information
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1, please identify: (a) all
agreements relating to the alleged trade secret or confidential or
proprietary information including but not limited to the parties to and
the terms of the agreements, and
(b) all copyrights and patents relating to the alleged trade secret or
confidential or proprietary information including but not limited to
the owners, licensors, licensees, assignors or assignees of those
copyrights or patents.
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SCO's
Response and Objections:
“Subject to and without waiving the General Objections, pursuant to
Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make available for copying or inspection
at a mutually convenient date and time the responsive documents upon
the entry of an appropriate confidentiality agreement and order.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information, SCO
relies too heavily on Rule 33(d) and does not even undertake a
narrative response.
SCO may rely,
in part, on Rule 33(d) to satisfy its obligation to respond to this
interrogatory.
But SCO goes too far, as (1) the mere
production of documents does not allow IBM to link the lines of code
identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1 to the agreements,
copyrights and patents requested by this interrogatory; (2) the burden
of deriving or ascertaining the full answer to this interrogatory from
the documents SCO has produced is not substantially the same for IBM as
for SCO; (3) SCO has not provided a specification in sufficient detail
to permit IBM to locate and identify, as readily as SCO, the records
from which the full answer may be ascertained.
SCO should be
required immediately to identify, by file and line of code, all
agreements, copyrights and patents relating to each file and line of
code identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1
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6.
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For each line
of source or object code and each method identified in response to
Interrogatory
No. 1, please identify: (a) the origin of the code or method, including
when, where and by whom the code or method was created; and (b) all
products in which, in whole or in part, the code or method is included
or on which, in whole or in part, the code or method is based.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing General Objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM, such as the
modifications and derivative works created by IBM that were to be
treated as the original Software Product as that term is defined in the
Software Agreement or Sublicensing Agreement. Subject to and without
waiving these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make
available for copying or inspection at a mutually convenient date and
time the responsive documents upon the entry of an appropriate
confidentiality agreement and order.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-1l are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d) and does not even undertake a
narrative response.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) IBM cannot derive or
ascertain from the documents SCO has produced (a) the origin of the
code identified in response to Interrogatory No. 1; and (b) all
products in
which the code is included or on which it is based; (2) the burden of
deriving or ascertaining the answer to this interrogatory from the
documents SCO has produced is not
substantially the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided
a specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and
identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the answer may be
ascertained.
SCO should be
required immediately to
disclose, for each line of code identified in response to Interrogatory
No. 1, (a) the origin of the code or method (such as when, where and by
whom the code or method was created); and
(b) all products in which it is included or on which it is based (such
as files and lines of code in Linux).
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7.
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Please
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges that IBM
engaged in unfair competition, including but not limited to: (a) the
dates on which IBM allegedly engaged in any unfair competition; (b) all
persons involved in the alleged unfair competition; and (c) the
specific manner in which IBM is alleged to have engaged in unfair
competition including but not limited to as alleged in ¶ 118 of the
Complaint.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing general objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly with the knowledge of IBM. Subject to
and without waiving these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d),
SCO will make available for copying or inspection at a mutually
convenient date and time the responsive documents upon the entry of an
appropriate confidentiality agreement and order. These acts include
improper use of the Software Products and modifications and derivative
works of the Software Products in a manner exceeding the scope of the
license. Such acts include, but are not limited to, contributions of
the modifications and derivative works to Linus Torvalds and/or others
in the open source community.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information, SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d), and its general, narrative response
is essentially meaningless.
SCO's
reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) IBM cannot derive or
ascertain from the documents SCO has produced the particulars of each
instance in which SCO alleges that IBM engaged in unfair competition;
(2) the burden of deriving or ascertaining the answer to this
interrogatory from the documents SCO has produced is not substantially
the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided a
specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and
identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the answer may be
ascertained.
SCO’s
narrative response is essentially meaningless because it (1) is
expressly
non-exclusive; and (2) includes no more particularity than the vague
allegations of the complaint.
SCO should be
required immediately to
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges that IBM
engaged in unfair competition, including but not limited to:
(a) the dates
on which IBM allegedly engaged in any unfair competition; (b) all
persons involved in the alleged unfair competition; and (c) the
specific
manner in which IBM is alleged to have engaged in unfair competition,
such as by (i) line-for-line copying of code from System V to Linux
kernels 2.4+, (ii) copying, posting, removing legal notices or
reorganizing the order of programming structures; (iii) contributing
modifications of System V to Linux kernels 2.4+ in violation of
contracts; and (iv) making non-literal transfers of methods, structures
and sequences from System V to Linux kernels 2.4+; and (d) the
location of each portion of the identified code in any product, in
Linux, in open source, or in the public domain -- identified by file
and line of code.
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8.
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Please
identify all agreements with which plaintiff alleges IBM interfered and
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges or
contends that IBM interfered with those agreements, including but not
limited to:
(a) the date
of alleged interference; (b) all persons involved in the alleged
interference; (c) the specific manner in which IBM is alleged to have
interfered with the agreement; (d) the specific actions, if any, that
IBM induced or encouraged plaintiff's customers or licensees to take;
(e) the specific action, if any, that plaintiff's customer or licensee
took as a result of the actions allegedly induced or encouraged by IBM;
and (f) the specific trade secret or confidential or proprietary
information, if any, involved in the alleged interference.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing general objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM. Subject to
and without waiving these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d),
SCO will make available for copying or inspection at a mutually
convenient date and time the responsive documents upon the entry of an
appropriate confidentiality agreement and order.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d) and does not even undertake a
narrative response.
SCO may rely,
in part, on Rule 33(d) to satisfy its obligation to respond to this
interrogatory. But SCO goes too far. The production of documents may be
sufficient to identify all agreements with which SCO alleges IBM
interfered, but it is plainly insufficient to describe, in detail, each
instance in which SCO alleges or contends that IBM interfered with
those agreements. With respect to that information, SCO’s reliance on
Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) IBM cannot derive or ascertain the
information from the documents SCO has produced; (2) the burden of
deriving or ascertaining this information from the documents SCO has
produced is not substantially the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO
has not provided a specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to
locate and identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which the
answer may be ascertained.
With respect
to each agreement identified in response to this interrogatory, SCO
should be required immediately to specify (a) the date of alleged
interference; (b) all persons involved in the alleged interference; (c)
the specific manner in which IBM is alleged to have interfered with the
agreement (e.g., by “literal copying” or “non-literal
transfers”); (d) the specific actions that IBM included or encouraged
SCO's customers or licensees to take; (e) the specific action that
SCO's customer or licensee took as a result of the actions allegedly
induced or encouraged by IBM; and (f) the specific code (identified by
file and line of code), if any, involved in the alleged interference.
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9.
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Please
identify all agreements that plaintiff alleges or contends that IBM has
breached, including the specific provisions or portions of those
agreements that plaintiff alleges or contends that IBM breached, and
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges or
contends that IBM breached those agreements, including but not limited
to
(a) the date of the alleged breach; (b) all persons involved in the
alleged breach; and (c) the specific manner in which IBM is alleged to
have breached the agreement.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the foregoing General Objections, SCO notes that discovery
has just begun and it has not yet received responsive discovery from
IBM that would allow it to fully answer this question because part of
this information is peculiarly within the knowledge of IBM.
Nonetheless, at this time, as detailed in the Amended Complaint, among
the provisions the Software and Sublicensing Agreements that IBM
breached are Sections 2.01, 2.05, 4.01, 6.03 and 7.06, of the Software
Agreement. Section 2.01 was breached by IBM’s failure to treat
modifications and derivative works as part of the original Software
Product by contributing such items to open source. Likewise, IBM
breached Section 2.05 by allowing use for others and by others as a
result of contributing the Protected Material to open source. Section
4.01 prohibits export of the Software Products, which IBM breached by
contributing the Software Product, including methods, modifications and
derivative works to open source. As a result, persons anywhere in the
world with a computer can access this information, including in
countries that the federal government prohibits dissemination of such
information. IBM breached Section 6.03 by continuing to use the
Software Products after the license was terminated on June 13, 2003, as
well as failing to return or destroy all Software Products after that
date. IBM also breached Section 7.06 by failing to maintain in
confidence the Software Products, as that term is defined in the
agreements. IBM also breached a subsequent agreement that IBM would not
use System V or AIX in any open source operating system. IBM also
breached §2.1 of Amendment X by using the Software Products for its
contractors, including OSDL and other Linux development laboratories
and Linux developers for other than Authorized Purposes. IBM also
breached §6 of Amendment X by using the Software Product for an
unauthorized use and distribution of Linux without paying the required
additional royalty amounts.”
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SCO has
agreed not to withhold responsive information based upon its
objections, but nevertheless declines to provide that information. SCO
misplaces reliance on Rule 33(d), and its general, narrative response
is essentially meaningless.
SCO may rely,
in part, on Rule 33(d) to satisfy its obligation to respond to this
interrogatory.
But SCO goes too far. The production of documents may be sufficient to
identify all agreements that SCO alleges or contends that IBM has
breached, but it is plainly insufficient
to describe, in detail, the specific provisions or portions of those
agreements that SCO alleges or contends that IBM breached and each
instance in which plaintiff alleges or contends that IBM breached them.
SCO's reliance on Rule 33(d) is improper because (1) IBM cannot derive
or ascertain this information from the documents SCO has produced; (2)
the burden of deriving or ascertaining this information from the
documents SCO has produced is not
substantially the same for IBM as for SCO; and (3) SCO has not provided
a specification in sufficient detail to permit IBM to locate and
identify, as readily as SCO, the records from which this information
maybe ascertained.
SCO's
narrative response is essentially meaningless because it (1) is
expressly
non-exclusive; and (2) includes no more particularity than the vague
allegations of the complaint.
With respect
to each agreement SCO identifies in response to this interrogatory, SCO
should be required immediately to identify the specific provisions or
portions of those agreements that plaintiff alleges or contends that
IBM breached and, with respect to each such provision or portion,
describe, in detail, each instance in which plaintiff alleges or
contends that IBM breached those agreements, including but not limited
to (a) the date of the alleged breach;
(b) all persons involved in the alleged breach; and (c) the specific
manner in which IBM is alleged to have breached the agreement, such as
by (i) line-for-line copying of code from
System V to Linux kernels 2.4+, (ii) copying, posting, removing legal
notices or reorganizing the order of programming structures;
(iii) contributing modifications of System V to Linux kernels 2.4+ in
violation of contracts; and (iv) making non-literal transfers of
methods, structures and sequences from System V to Linux kernels 2.4+;
and (d) the location of each portion of the identified code in any
product, in Linux, in open source, or in the public domain --
identified by file and line of code..
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10.
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Separately,
for each of plaintiff's claims for relief, please identify all persons
(including but not limited to present or former employees of plaintiff
or plaintiff's predecessors in interest) with knowledge relating to
plaintif'’s claims and contentions and the general nature of, or the
categories of, facts known by each person.
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SCO's
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the General Objections, this question is overly broad and
unduly burdensome in that it seeks information outside the custody or
control of plaintiff by asking information known by plaintif'’s
predecessors. Subject to and without waiving the General Objections and
foregoing objections, pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 33(d), SCO will make
available for copying or inspection at a mutually convenient date and
time the responsive documents upon the entry of an appropriate
confidentiality agreement and order.”
Supplemental
Response: In response to
IBM's demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August
8, 2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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IBM is not at
this time moving to compel a response to this interrogatory.
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11.
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Please
identify all products ever marketed, sold or distributed by plaintiff
or plaintif'’s predecessors in interest, including but not limited to
the terms on which each was marketed, sold or distributed.
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SCO’s
Response and Objections: “In
addition to the General Objections, this question is overly broad and
unduly burdensome and seeks irrelevant information by requesting all
products ever marketed, sold or distributed by plaintif'’s predecessors
in interest, including but not limited to the terms on which each was
marketed, sold or distributed. Plaintiff's predecessors in interest
include, for example, AT&T. A list of all products ever marketed,
sold or distributed by AT&T would be filled with information wholly
irrelevant to any issue in this action and, moreover, is not
information known to plaintiff. Even limiting the request to items
marketed, sold or distributed by plaintiff, the request remains overly
broad because it seeks the terms of each sale or distribution. Such a
request would require production of every invoice and such information
is irrelevant and unduly burdensome to obtain. Subject to and without
waiving these objections, pursuant to Fed.R.CivP. 33(d), SCO will make
available for copying or inspection at a mutually convenient date and
time sufficient documents identifying all products sold by SCO and the
general terms on which they were marketed, sold or distributed upon the
entry of an appropriate confidentiality agreement and order. The
products sold include the following: [list of products]”
Supplemental
Response: In response to IBM
demand for more information, SCO stated, in a letter dated August 8,
2003, that “the documents responsive to [Interrogatory Nos. 1-8 and
10-11] are the System V source code, the license agreements with all
licensees, and the Linux 2.4 kernel”.
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IBM is not at
this time moving to compel a response to this interrogatory.
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